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	<title>Evolution &#8211; Greg Laden&#039;s Blog</title>
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	<title>Evolution &#8211; Greg Laden&#039;s Blog</title>
	<link>https://gregladen.com/blog</link>
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		<title>The Three Necessary and Sufficient Conditions of Natural Selection</title>
		<link>https://gregladen.com/blog/2022/04/20/the-three-necessary-and-suffic-2/</link>
					<comments>https://gregladen.com/blog/2022/04/20/the-three-necessary-and-suffic-2/#comments</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Greg Laden]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 20 Apr 2022 22:09:49 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Evolution]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Genetics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Natural Selection]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://scienceblogs.com/gregladen/2009/08/25/the-three-necessary-and-suffic-2/</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Natural Selection is the key creative force in evolution. Natural selection, together with specific histories of populations (species) and adaptations, is responsible for the design of organisms. Most people have some idea of what Natural Selection is. However, it is easy to make conceptual errors when thinking about this important force of nature. One way &#8230; <a href="https://gregladen.com/blog/2022/04/20/the-three-necessary-and-suffic-2/" class="more-link">Continue reading <span class="screen-reader-text">The Three Necessary and Sufficient Conditions of Natural Selection</span> <span class="meta-nav">&#8594;</span></a>]]></description>
		
					<wfw:commentRss>https://gregladen.com/blog/2022/04/20/the-three-necessary-and-suffic-2/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
			<slash:comments>30</slash:comments>
		
		
		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">26975</post-id>	</item>
		<item>
		<title>A short list of banned books</title>
		<link>https://gregladen.com/blog/2022/02/08/a-short-list-of-banned-books/</link>
					<comments>https://gregladen.com/blog/2022/02/08/a-short-list-of-banned-books/#comments</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Greg Laden]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 08 Feb 2022 21:59:15 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Books]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[banned books]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Critical Race Theory LGBTA]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[CRT]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Evolution]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Race]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Racism]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://gregladen.com/blog/?p=34328</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[To Kill a Mockingbird* The Hate U Give* The Color Purple: A Novel* The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian* Stamped: Racism, Antiracism, and You: A Remix of the National Book Award-winning Stamped from the Beginning* The Catcher in the Rye* The Autobiography of Malcolm X: As Told to Alex Haley* I Know Why &#8230; <a href="https://gregladen.com/blog/2022/02/08/a-short-list-of-banned-books/" class="more-link">Continue reading <span class="screen-reader-text">A short list of banned books</span> <span class="meta-nav">&#8594;</span></a>]]></description>
		
					<wfw:commentRss>https://gregladen.com/blog/2022/02/08/a-short-list-of-banned-books/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
			<slash:comments>15</slash:comments>
		
		
		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">34328</post-id>	</item>
		<item>
		<title>One Iguana Two Iguanas: Children&#8217;s evolutionary biology book, with lizards!</title>
		<link>https://gregladen.com/blog/2018/12/07/one-iguana-two-iguanas-childrens-evolutionary-biology-book-with-lizards/</link>
					<comments>https://gregladen.com/blog/2018/12/07/one-iguana-two-iguanas-childrens-evolutionary-biology-book-with-lizards/#comments</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Greg Laden]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 07 Dec 2018 20:18:00 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Animals]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Books]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Shopping guides and reviews]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Book review]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Evolution]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Galapagos iguana]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[kids book]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://gregladen.com/blog/?p=31139</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[The land and marine iguanas of the Galapagos Islands are famous. Well, the marine iguanas are famous, and the land iguanas, representing the ancestral state for that clade of two species, deserve a lot of credit as well. The story of these iguanas is integral with, and parallel to, the story of the Galapagos Islands, &#8230; <a href="https://gregladen.com/blog/2018/12/07/one-iguana-two-iguanas-childrens-evolutionary-biology-book-with-lizards/" class="more-link">Continue reading <span class="screen-reader-text">One Iguana Two Iguanas: Children&#8217;s evolutionary biology book, with lizards!</span> <span class="meta-nav">&#8594;</span></a>]]></description>
		
					<wfw:commentRss>https://gregladen.com/blog/2018/12/07/one-iguana-two-iguanas-childrens-evolutionary-biology-book-with-lizards/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
			<slash:comments>1</slash:comments>
		
		
		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">31139</post-id>	</item>
		<item>
		<title>How to choose the sex of your baby.</title>
		<link>https://gregladen.com/blog/2018/08/21/how-to-choose-the-sex-of-your-baby/</link>
					<comments>https://gregladen.com/blog/2018/08/21/how-to-choose-the-sex-of-your-baby/#comments</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Greg Laden]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 21 Aug 2018 16:15:59 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Evolutionary Biology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[determine sex]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Evolution]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ova]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[pregnancy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sperm]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://gregladen.com/blog/?p=30290</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[In order to make such a momentous decision, I insist that you learn the very interesting evolutionary biology behind it. Start with this paragraph: But for modern medical science, a baby’s sex would remain unknown until birth. But many mothers today know long beforehand whether a baby will be male or female. Routine ultrasound scans &#8230; <a href="https://gregladen.com/blog/2018/08/21/how-to-choose-the-sex-of-your-baby/" class="more-link">Continue reading <span class="screen-reader-text">How to choose the sex of your baby.</span> <span class="meta-nav">&#8594;</span></a>]]></description>
		
					<wfw:commentRss>https://gregladen.com/blog/2018/08/21/how-to-choose-the-sex-of-your-baby/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
			<slash:comments>15</slash:comments>
		
		
		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">30290</post-id>	</item>
		<item>
		<title>The Early Bird Crushes The Egg</title>
		<link>https://gregladen.com/blog/2018/03/23/early-bird-crushes-egg/</link>
					<comments>https://gregladen.com/blog/2018/03/23/early-bird-crushes-egg/#comments</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Greg Laden]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 24 Mar 2018 00:14:14 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Evolutionary Biology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Palaeontology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[bird evolution]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[egg evolution]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Evolution]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://gregladen.com/blog/?p=29408</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Model I birds, the kind that lived during the Age of the Other Dinosaurs, may not have brooded their eggs. Today, birds sit on their eggs in such a way that the adult bird&#8217;s down surrounds the ovoids, and warmth from the adult can keep the eggs at a constant temperature. Depending on the bird, &#8230; <a href="https://gregladen.com/blog/2018/03/23/early-bird-crushes-egg/" class="more-link">Continue reading <span class="screen-reader-text">The Early Bird Crushes The Egg</span> <span class="meta-nav">&#8594;</span></a>]]></description>
		
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			<slash:comments>1</slash:comments>
		
		
		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">29408</post-id>	</item>
		<item>
		<title>Sexual Selection Up To Date: A Taste for the Beautiful</title>
		<link>https://gregladen.com/blog/2018/03/21/sexual-selection-date-taste-beautiful/</link>
					<comments>https://gregladen.com/blog/2018/03/21/sexual-selection-date-taste-beautiful/#comments</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Greg Laden]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 21 Mar 2018 13:39:27 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Animals]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Biology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Evolutionary Biology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Book review]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Evolution]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Michael Ryan]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sexual Selection]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://gregladen.com/blog/?p=29349</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[A Taste for the Beautiful: The Evolution of Attraction is a popular science book written by an actual expert on the field, addressing the ways in which the world of animals is shaped by sexual selection. One of Darwin&#8217;s major contributions to the panoply of theoretical and observational work we call &#8220;evolution&#8221; was to recognize, &#8230; <a href="https://gregladen.com/blog/2018/03/21/sexual-selection-date-taste-beautiful/" class="more-link">Continue reading <span class="screen-reader-text">Sexual Selection Up To Date: A Taste for the Beautiful</span> <span class="meta-nav">&#8594;</span></a>]]></description>
		
					<wfw:commentRss>https://gregladen.com/blog/2018/03/21/sexual-selection-date-taste-beautiful/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
			<slash:comments>8</slash:comments>
		
		
		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">29349</post-id>	</item>
		<item>
		<title>Darwin Quotes, Assembled</title>
		<link>https://gregladen.com/blog/2018/03/19/darwin-quotes-assembled/</link>
					<comments>https://gregladen.com/blog/2018/03/19/darwin-quotes-assembled/#comments</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Greg Laden]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 19 Mar 2018 18:54:11 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Biology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Evolutionary Biology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Science]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Charles Darwin]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Evolution]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[History of science]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Quotes]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://gregladen.com/blog/?p=29300</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[From Janet Browne, the author of Charles Darwin: A Biography, Vol. 1 &#8211; Voyaging and other works about Charles Dawin, The Quotable Darwin. Quotes by Charles Darwin are not just the stuff of memes. Even the fake quotes. They can be the center of long arguments, or at least, they can significantly augment the arguments. &#8230; <a href="https://gregladen.com/blog/2018/03/19/darwin-quotes-assembled/" class="more-link">Continue reading <span class="screen-reader-text">Darwin Quotes, Assembled</span> <span class="meta-nav">&#8594;</span></a>]]></description>
		
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			<slash:comments>1</slash:comments>
		
		
		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">29300</post-id>	</item>
		<item>
		<title>Origins of Darwin&#8217;s Evolution: Solving the Species Puzzle Through Time and Place</title>
		<link>https://gregladen.com/blog/2018/03/17/darwin-evolution-origins-book-review-archibald/</link>
					<comments>https://gregladen.com/blog/2018/03/17/darwin-evolution-origins-book-review-archibald/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Greg Laden]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 17 Mar 2018 19:54:11 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Evolutionary Biology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Biogeography]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Darwin]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Evolution]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://gregladen.com/blog/?p=29267</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Origins of Darwin&#8217;s Evolution: Solving the Species Puzzle Through Time and Place by J. David Archibald does something that not enough studies of Darwin&#8217;s work do: Get off the island. Years ago, I realize that most of Darwin&#8217;s arguments, in On the Origin of Species, are underlain by evidence Darwin would have observed prior to &#8230; <a href="https://gregladen.com/blog/2018/03/17/darwin-evolution-origins-book-review-archibald/" class="more-link">Continue reading <span class="screen-reader-text">Origins of Darwin&#8217;s Evolution: Solving the Species Puzzle Through Time and Place</span> <span class="meta-nav">&#8594;</span></a>]]></description>
		
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			<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		
		
		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">29267</post-id>	</item>
		<item>
		<title>Horseshoe Crab Fossil named after Darth Vader</title>
		<link>https://gregladen.com/blog/2017/12/05/horseshoe-crab-fossil-named-darth-vader/</link>
					<comments>https://gregladen.com/blog/2017/12/05/horseshoe-crab-fossil-named-darth-vader/#comments</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Greg Laden]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 05 Dec 2017 19:42:03 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Palaeontology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Evolution]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[fossil]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Horseshoe Crab]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Star Wars]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Vaderlimulus]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://gregladen.com/blog/?p=28173</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[This is fun. From the New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, the press release for a recent fossil naming: A 245 million-year-old fossil horseshoe crab recently discovered in Idaho has been named Vaderlimulus because the animal’s shield head resembles the helmet worn by Darth Vader from the Star Wars film series. Paleontologists from &#8230; <a href="https://gregladen.com/blog/2017/12/05/horseshoe-crab-fossil-named-darth-vader/" class="more-link">Continue reading <span class="screen-reader-text">Horseshoe Crab Fossil named after Darth Vader</span> <span class="meta-nav">&#8594;</span></a>]]></description>
		
					<wfw:commentRss>https://gregladen.com/blog/2017/12/05/horseshoe-crab-fossil-named-darth-vader/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
			<slash:comments>2</slash:comments>
		
		
		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">28173</post-id>	</item>
		<item>
		<title>ALERT: Two very good deals on two very good books</title>
		<link>https://gregladen.com/blog/2017/05/16/alert-two-very-good-deals-on-two-very-good-books/</link>
					<comments>https://gregladen.com/blog/2017/05/16/alert-two-very-good-deals-on-two-very-good-books/#comments</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Greg Laden]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 16 May 2017 13:47:14 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Other]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Anthropology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Books]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Children of God]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Evolution]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Mary Doria Russell]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Panda's thumb]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[stephen Jay Gould]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[The Sparrow]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://scienceblogs.com/gregladen/?p=24086</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Every single regular reader of this blog has read or intends to read Stephen Jay Gould&#8217;s The Panda&#8217;s Thumb: More Reflections in Natural History. I just noticed that the Kindle version of it is available for $1.99, and I assume this is temporary. I already had the book on dead-tree matter, but I picked this &#8230; <a href="https://gregladen.com/blog/2017/05/16/alert-two-very-good-deals-on-two-very-good-books/" class="more-link">Continue reading <span class="screen-reader-text">ALERT: Two very good deals on two very good books</span> <span class="meta-nav">&#8594;</span></a>]]></description>
		
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			<slash:comments>2</slash:comments>
		
		
		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">24086</post-id>	</item>
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