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	Comments on: Animal Rights and Human Needs: Foundations of the debate (Part I)	</title>
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		<title>
		By: stephanie		</title>
		<link>https://gregladen.com/blog/2010/03/20/animal-rights-and-human-needs/#comment-516218</link>

		<dc:creator><![CDATA[stephanie]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 17 Jun 2014 11:01:52 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://scienceblogs.com/gregladen/2010/03/20/animal-rights-and-human-needs/#comment-516218</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[People stop kill animals i might be a bit young but i have a right to say what i think and what i think is that people should stop killing animal because one day you will be sorry that u kill animals coz there wont be any more left to people to eat so think before u eat the animals coz you never know you favourite animal could be all dead 
so think 
before you
hunt and eat 
the animals 
you eat]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>People stop kill animals i might be a bit young but i have a right to say what i think and what i think is that people should stop killing animal because one day you will be sorry that u kill animals coz there wont be any more left to people to eat so think before u eat the animals coz you never know you favourite animal could be all dead<br />
so think<br />
before you<br />
hunt and eat<br />
the animals<br />
you eat</p>
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		<title>
		By: Damit		</title>
		<link>https://gregladen.com/blog/2010/03/20/animal-rights-and-human-needs/#comment-516217</link>

		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Damit]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 04 Jul 2013 06:48:43 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://scienceblogs.com/gregladen/2010/03/20/animal-rights-and-human-needs/#comment-516217</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Animals like human have natural rights. Rights are derived from nature or natures God, not granted by government, Rights are preserved by humans through government, a military, and laws to enforce Natural Rghts.
So in essence very simply, governments do not create rights, Rights nasturally pre-exist in birth. Governments are created to secure liberty by people who created government. You should all know this. This is the 4th of July.

Animals have natural rights, and animals attempt to secure those natural rights to the best of their ability. People have seen video where a herd of wild Buffalo in African under attack from a lion, leave and get more buffalo to return for the balle. Any living breathing creature will defend its offspring (Babies). It&#039;s Natural to do so.

So animal to a small degree can form a short term or long term government, unless interupted by man.

Killing for entertain is abnormal. There is no acceptable form of killing for amusement, anyone who disagrees should suffer the same fate, and any right mind would agree.

Human-animals are natural born herbivores. I am a vegan. We have everything that makes a herbivore exist.

When it comes to health. Steve Jobs a strict vegan lived three times his life-span, because he was vegan, despite having cancer at a very young age.

Anything else is a selfish excuse.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Animals like human have natural rights. Rights are derived from nature or natures God, not granted by government, Rights are preserved by humans through government, a military, and laws to enforce Natural Rghts.<br />
So in essence very simply, governments do not create rights, Rights nasturally pre-exist in birth. Governments are created to secure liberty by people who created government. You should all know this. This is the 4th of July.</p>
<p>Animals have natural rights, and animals attempt to secure those natural rights to the best of their ability. People have seen video where a herd of wild Buffalo in African under attack from a lion, leave and get more buffalo to return for the balle. Any living breathing creature will defend its offspring (Babies). It&#8217;s Natural to do so.</p>
<p>So animal to a small degree can form a short term or long term government, unless interupted by man.</p>
<p>Killing for entertain is abnormal. There is no acceptable form of killing for amusement, anyone who disagrees should suffer the same fate, and any right mind would agree.</p>
<p>Human-animals are natural born herbivores. I am a vegan. We have everything that makes a herbivore exist.</p>
<p>When it comes to health. Steve Jobs a strict vegan lived three times his life-span, because he was vegan, despite having cancer at a very young age.</p>
<p>Anything else is a selfish excuse.</p>
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		<title>
		By: Loretta Aromeh		</title>
		<link>https://gregladen.com/blog/2010/03/20/animal-rights-and-human-needs/#comment-516216</link>

		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Loretta Aromeh]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 12 Feb 2013 02:42:20 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://scienceblogs.com/gregladen/2010/03/20/animal-rights-and-human-needs/#comment-516216</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Predator-prey relationships are essential for the survival of most species in the animal kingdom, Humans however happen to be on top of the food chain and in the past humans have developed the habit of indiscriminately killing and/or domesticating animals to feed the growing population. Although animal protection laws have been set up to protect endangered species, humans remain a serious threat to many species as this post rightly states]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Predator-prey relationships are essential for the survival of most species in the animal kingdom, Humans however happen to be on top of the food chain and in the past humans have developed the habit of indiscriminately killing and/or domesticating animals to feed the growing population. Although animal protection laws have been set up to protect endangered species, humans remain a serious threat to many species as this post rightly states</p>
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		<title>
		By: Tianna Fair		</title>
		<link>https://gregladen.com/blog/2010/03/20/animal-rights-and-human-needs/#comment-516215</link>

		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Tianna Fair]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 04 Feb 2011 17:29:46 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://scienceblogs.com/gregladen/2010/03/20/animal-rights-and-human-needs/#comment-516215</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[yes i do think thats this is very correct and yes i do believe ibn humane because i dnt like killing animals but if i have to eat then i must but i will not go out and kill an animal because its very sad aned i might even cry soo yes i guess you can say im both humane and inhumane
]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>yes i do think thats this is very correct and yes i do believe ibn humane because i dnt like killing animals but if i have to eat then i must but i will not go out and kill an animal because its very sad aned i might even cry soo yes i guess you can say im both humane and inhumane</p>
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		<title>
		By: MikeB		</title>
		<link>https://gregladen.com/blog/2010/03/20/animal-rights-and-human-needs/#comment-516214</link>

		<dc:creator><![CDATA[MikeB]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 22 Mar 2010 05:42:55 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://scienceblogs.com/gregladen/2010/03/20/animal-rights-and-human-needs/#comment-516214</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Greg, an interesting post but I don&#039;t see how you square the following two statements.

On human rights:

&quot;The only seemingly logical framework for human rights is basic equality combined with a kind of Golden Rule. I want you to not harm me or mine, so I&#039;ll agree the same for you (that&#039;s the Golden Rule part) and since we are all equal this mutualism applies broadly to all humans.&quot;

On animal rights:

&quot;But why do humans have special rights over other animals? Why do humans have a rule that says we can kill any wild animal we want (with appropriate permits) but if any wild animal kills a human, it loses its right to live?

In the absence of evidence to the contrary, it is hard to see how this right comes from anything other than an arbitrary determination. We have decided that this is so, it is species-level self interest (but really, applies mainly to various subsets of humanity more than to others) and only works because we have the capacity to make it work.&quot;

If as you say, and I broadly agree, that human rights are based on the principle of fairness and reciprocity then it is difficult to see how they can be applied to other species that lack the intelligence/sapience to recognize &quot;our&quot; rights.

An alien species coming into contact with us may be genetically very dissimilar to us but if they&#039;ve got the technology to make contact than they may also have the ability to recognize the golden rule. Alternatively they might be so different to us that any relationship based on rights or reciprocity might be impossible...the &quot;War of the Worlds&quot; scenario.

As for homicide, war, self defence, are these not explicit exceptions to the golden rule, in some cases punishable because they are considered to be a breech of our societes rules, in others allowed because greater interests are protected. The reason why there is debate over war, the death penalty etc. is because they are viewed as exceptions to our normal standards on behavior, whether those exceptions are justified is something that we can dispute.

Animals that kill humans are another issue. When an animal kills a human we often refer to it as a tragedy but I don&#039;t think I&#039;ve ever heard it referred to as a violation by the animal of the slain human&#039;s rights.  Is this not a reflection of the fact that we do not expect human rights to govern the relationship between animals and humans? Animals that injure or kill humans are killed either because they may pose a threat to other people (the good reason) or as an act of revenge (not such a good reason), but there is no suggestion that a contract between the animal and the victim has been broken*.

*Of course the animals owners or keepers might be accused of breaching the victim&#039;s rights.  ]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Greg, an interesting post but I don&#8217;t see how you square the following two statements.</p>
<p>On human rights:</p>
<p>&#8220;The only seemingly logical framework for human rights is basic equality combined with a kind of Golden Rule. I want you to not harm me or mine, so I&#8217;ll agree the same for you (that&#8217;s the Golden Rule part) and since we are all equal this mutualism applies broadly to all humans.&#8221;</p>
<p>On animal rights:</p>
<p>&#8220;But why do humans have special rights over other animals? Why do humans have a rule that says we can kill any wild animal we want (with appropriate permits) but if any wild animal kills a human, it loses its right to live?</p>
<p>In the absence of evidence to the contrary, it is hard to see how this right comes from anything other than an arbitrary determination. We have decided that this is so, it is species-level self interest (but really, applies mainly to various subsets of humanity more than to others) and only works because we have the capacity to make it work.&#8221;</p>
<p>If as you say, and I broadly agree, that human rights are based on the principle of fairness and reciprocity then it is difficult to see how they can be applied to other species that lack the intelligence/sapience to recognize &#8220;our&#8221; rights.</p>
<p>An alien species coming into contact with us may be genetically very dissimilar to us but if they&#8217;ve got the technology to make contact than they may also have the ability to recognize the golden rule. Alternatively they might be so different to us that any relationship based on rights or reciprocity might be impossible&#8230;the &#8220;War of the Worlds&#8221; scenario.</p>
<p>As for homicide, war, self defence, are these not explicit exceptions to the golden rule, in some cases punishable because they are considered to be a breech of our societes rules, in others allowed because greater interests are protected. The reason why there is debate over war, the death penalty etc. is because they are viewed as exceptions to our normal standards on behavior, whether those exceptions are justified is something that we can dispute.</p>
<p>Animals that kill humans are another issue. When an animal kills a human we often refer to it as a tragedy but I don&#8217;t think I&#8217;ve ever heard it referred to as a violation by the animal of the slain human&#8217;s rights.  Is this not a reflection of the fact that we do not expect human rights to govern the relationship between animals and humans? Animals that injure or kill humans are killed either because they may pose a threat to other people (the good reason) or as an act of revenge (not such a good reason), but there is no suggestion that a contract between the animal and the victim has been broken*.</p>
<p>*Of course the animals owners or keepers might be accused of breaching the victim&#8217;s rights.  </p>
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		<title>
		By: Mary H		</title>
		<link>https://gregladen.com/blog/2010/03/20/animal-rights-and-human-needs/#comment-516213</link>

		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Mary H]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 21 Mar 2010 19:08:17 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://scienceblogs.com/gregladen/2010/03/20/animal-rights-and-human-needs/#comment-516213</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[@MC  You are correct on both counts--it is, of course, Bill Frist, who somehow managed to diagnose Terry Schiavo from about 1000 miles away!  I do seem to allow all the GOPers to merge and blend in the corners of my brain.  I should learn to proofread a little more aggressively before I post!]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>@MC  You are correct on both counts&#8211;it is, of course, Bill Frist, who somehow managed to diagnose Terry Schiavo from about 1000 miles away!  I do seem to allow all the GOPers to merge and blend in the corners of my brain.  I should learn to proofread a little more aggressively before I post!</p>
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		<title>
		By: Greg Laden		</title>
		<link>https://gregladen.com/blog/2010/03/20/animal-rights-and-human-needs/#comment-516212</link>

		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Greg Laden]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 21 Mar 2010 15:45:45 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://scienceblogs.com/gregladen/2010/03/20/animal-rights-and-human-needs/#comment-516212</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Chelydra, it&#039;s obviously more complicated than can be outlined in a single paragraph.  Depends on the sub industry and the country and region.  But mostly it may depend on what is meant by &quot;interest.&quot;  The good citizens of a small hamlet in Rwanda who stopped facilitating poaching of gorilla and started supporting the tourist trade probably collectively harvested several thousand dollars a year from that trade. But the permit to go through that village to see the gorillas was 500 US dollars per person per day.  So where did the extra million bucks a year go? (I&#039;m guessing at the numbers here).   Probably for things like infrastructure. So Toyota gets a share bacause you need some of those trucks.  And BP gets a share because you need the fuel.  The secondary benefits go to air lines that fly people in and out, both local and international.  Once a hotel gets big enough it gets bought by one of the major chains. Etc.

The system is such that the mainstream money holders get the majority of the money when money changes hands, even if the local folks are getting a cut.  ]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Chelydra, it&#8217;s obviously more complicated than can be outlined in a single paragraph.  Depends on the sub industry and the country and region.  But mostly it may depend on what is meant by &#8220;interest.&#8221;  The good citizens of a small hamlet in Rwanda who stopped facilitating poaching of gorilla and started supporting the tourist trade probably collectively harvested several thousand dollars a year from that trade. But the permit to go through that village to see the gorillas was 500 US dollars per person per day.  So where did the extra million bucks a year go? (I&#8217;m guessing at the numbers here).   Probably for things like infrastructure. So Toyota gets a share bacause you need some of those trucks.  And BP gets a share because you need the fuel.  The secondary benefits go to air lines that fly people in and out, both local and international.  Once a hotel gets big enough it gets bought by one of the major chains. Etc.</p>
<p>The system is such that the mainstream money holders get the majority of the money when money changes hands, even if the local folks are getting a cut.  </p>
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		<title>
		By: sharky		</title>
		<link>https://gregladen.com/blog/2010/03/20/animal-rights-and-human-needs/#comment-516211</link>

		<dc:creator><![CDATA[sharky]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 21 Mar 2010 13:15:19 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://scienceblogs.com/gregladen/2010/03/20/animal-rights-and-human-needs/#comment-516211</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[I&#039;m not sure that people -just- frown at the exploitation of others and then turn aside. I stopped buying cheap chocolate because I learned Ivory Coast chocolate has a good chance of coming from child labor, and I&#039;ve noticed when goods are fair-trade they&#039;re actually marketed as such. 

I will agree I haven&#039;t ever seen a cellphone marketed as a non-atrocity phone. (I have no idea what to do about that.) ]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&#8217;m not sure that people -just- frown at the exploitation of others and then turn aside. I stopped buying cheap chocolate because I learned Ivory Coast chocolate has a good chance of coming from child labor, and I&#8217;ve noticed when goods are fair-trade they&#8217;re actually marketed as such. </p>
<p>I will agree I haven&#8217;t ever seen a cellphone marketed as a non-atrocity phone. (I have no idea what to do about that.) </p>
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		<title>
		By: daedalus2u		</title>
		<link>https://gregladen.com/blog/2010/03/20/animal-rights-and-human-needs/#comment-516210</link>

		<dc:creator><![CDATA[daedalus2u]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 21 Mar 2010 11:07:21 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://scienceblogs.com/gregladen/2010/03/20/animal-rights-and-human-needs/#comment-516210</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[If we are to consider what interspecies actions are acceptable it is informative to look at intraspecies actions as a guide.  

Essentially all mammals will commit infanticide and cannibalism in the postpartum period under the right circumstances, when the mother experiences severe stress, metabolic or traumatic.  Mammals have evolved this behavior because preserving the life of the mother in the postpartum period is the only mechanism by which the infants can possibly have reproductive success, either by surviving themselves (which they can&#039;t do if their mother dies), or through their mother successfully having future offspring which would be the dead infants&#039; sibling.  

This is an extremely important and significant point.  In the wild, the interests of the infant killed by an infanticidal mother and the interests of the mother exactly coincide.  The dead infant is better off if the mother survives and successfully reproduces in the future.  If the infant were a competent and rational adult, and made a decision that optimized its reproductive success, there are circumstances where the infant&#039;s interests are best served by being killed so that its mother can survive.  If a similarly related adult were in that circumstance, where it could choose to sacrifice itself so that another similarly related adult could survive, no one would fault the adult that did the sacrifice, or the adult that survived.  

Since all mammals have evolved this value system and apply it in their intraspecies interactions, it is not unreasonable to apply it to interspecies interactions.

A mother&#039;s infant shares half her genes.  So does a full sibling.  If two siblings were in a situation where both of them would die, but by one sacrificing him/herself then the other would survive, no one could legitimately fault either of them for making the logical decision.  However, there are those who would fault the survivor.  I suggest that the faulting of the survivor is not based on rational ethical considerations, but rather on using the tragic circumstance as an excuse to damage the survivor and to move them down in the social hierarchy while moving themselves up.  ]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>If we are to consider what interspecies actions are acceptable it is informative to look at intraspecies actions as a guide.  </p>
<p>Essentially all mammals will commit infanticide and cannibalism in the postpartum period under the right circumstances, when the mother experiences severe stress, metabolic or traumatic.  Mammals have evolved this behavior because preserving the life of the mother in the postpartum period is the only mechanism by which the infants can possibly have reproductive success, either by surviving themselves (which they can&#8217;t do if their mother dies), or through their mother successfully having future offspring which would be the dead infants&#8217; sibling.  </p>
<p>This is an extremely important and significant point.  In the wild, the interests of the infant killed by an infanticidal mother and the interests of the mother exactly coincide.  The dead infant is better off if the mother survives and successfully reproduces in the future.  If the infant were a competent and rational adult, and made a decision that optimized its reproductive success, there are circumstances where the infant&#8217;s interests are best served by being killed so that its mother can survive.  If a similarly related adult were in that circumstance, where it could choose to sacrifice itself so that another similarly related adult could survive, no one would fault the adult that did the sacrifice, or the adult that survived.  </p>
<p>Since all mammals have evolved this value system and apply it in their intraspecies interactions, it is not unreasonable to apply it to interspecies interactions.</p>
<p>A mother&#8217;s infant shares half her genes.  So does a full sibling.  If two siblings were in a situation where both of them would die, but by one sacrificing him/herself then the other would survive, no one could legitimately fault either of them for making the logical decision.  However, there are those who would fault the survivor.  I suggest that the faulting of the survivor is not based on rational ethical considerations, but rather on using the tragic circumstance as an excuse to damage the survivor and to move them down in the social hierarchy while moving themselves up.  </p>
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		<title>
		By: David		</title>
		<link>https://gregladen.com/blog/2010/03/20/animal-rights-and-human-needs/#comment-516209</link>

		<dc:creator><![CDATA[David]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 21 Mar 2010 10:44:11 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://scienceblogs.com/gregladen/2010/03/20/animal-rights-and-human-needs/#comment-516209</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[I think the ideal is to treat all living things with respect and avoid causing suffering where possible. This may sound airy fairy but we already put animals lives ahead of humans. Millions of people around the world die from preventable causes, while we spend money on food and accessories for our pets. How many people would put down (that is kill) their pets and donate the money saved, to food for the starving? Are the animal&#039;s rights going to be any more beneficial for animals than human rights are for humans? ]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I think the ideal is to treat all living things with respect and avoid causing suffering where possible. This may sound airy fairy but we already put animals lives ahead of humans. Millions of people around the world die from preventable causes, while we spend money on food and accessories for our pets. How many people would put down (that is kill) their pets and donate the money saved, to food for the starving? Are the animal&#8217;s rights going to be any more beneficial for animals than human rights are for humans? </p>
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